Transliteration of Russian into English Did You Mean Transliteration?

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There exist many possible systems for transliterating the Cyrillic alphabet of the Russian language to English or the Latin alphabet. Such transliteration is necessary for writing Russian names and other words in English text. It is also essential for the input of Russian text into computer by users who either do not have the keyboard or word processor set up for input of Cyrillic, or else they are not capable of typing rapidly on the distinct Cyrillic keyboard. In the latter case, they would type using a system of transliteration on the QWERTY keyboard and then use an automated tool to convert the text into Cyrillic.

Standard Cyrillic-to-English transliteration systems include:

The United Nationsecommended romanization system (1987), based on GOST. Used in the Russian Federation and increasingly in international cartographic products.
GOST 16876-71 (1983), from the Main Administration of Geodesy and Cartography of the former Soviet Union. Russian abbreviation of GOsudarstvenny STandart, "the State Standard".
ISO 9:1995, from the International Organization for Standardization.
America Library Association & Library of Congress (ALA-LC) Romanization tables for Slavic alphabets (1997), used in North American libraries.
BGN/PCGN 1947 transliteration system (United States Board on Geographic Names & Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use).

Note that the transliteration to other languages can be different (for instance: Russian "Воронин" = English "Voronin" = French "Voronine", Горбачёв = Gorbachev = Gorbatchev, etc.).

Conventional transcription of Russian names

The following table describes a method to derive the most common informal transcriptions of Russian names into the Latin alphabet, suitable for English-speakers. It is similar to BGN/PCGN transliteration, with several exceptions.

Russian letter or letter combination	English transliteration	Special provision	Examples
А (а)	A (a)	None	Аник = Anik Поганкино = Pogankino
Б (б)	B (b)	None	Болотин = Bolotin Колбасин = Kolbasin
В (в)	V (v)	None	Воронин = Voronin Привалин = Privalin
Г (г)	G (g)	None	Галкин = Galkin Луговой = Lugovoy
Г (г)	H (h)	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Петергоф = Peterhof
Д (д)	D (d)	None	Дровяное = Drovyanoye Подгорск = Podgorsk
Е (е)	Ye (ye)	In the beginning of words; after vowels; after ь; after ъ.	Ельцин = Yeltsin Раздольное = Razdolnoye Юрьев = Yuryev (ь omitted — see ь below); Подъездной = Podyezdnoy
Е (е)	E (e)	All other cases	Белкин = Belkin
Ё (ё)	Yo (yo)	None	Ёлкино = Yolkino Озёрск = Ozyorsk
Ё (ё)	E (e)	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Горбачёв = Gorbachev
Ж (ж)	Zh (zh)	None	Жиров = Zhirov Приволжское = Privolzhskoye
З (з)	Z (z)	None	Зорин = Zorin Обозов = Obozov
И (и)	I (i)	Except in an –ий ending (see below)	Иркутск = Irkutsk Владивосток = Vladivostok
Й (й)	Y (y)	Except in –ый and –ий endings (see below)	Йошкар-Ола = Yoshkar-Ola Буйск = Buysk
	I (i)	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Край = Krai Байкал = Baikal
	J (j)	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Insert an example
К (к)	K (k)	None	Киров = Kirov Галкин = Galkin
Л (л)	L (l)	None	Лапинск = Lapinsk Комсомольск = Komsomolsk
М (м)	M (m)	None	Мичурин = Michurin Колыма = Kolyma
Н (н)	N (n)	None	Нальчик = Nalchik Савино = Savino
О (о)	O (o)	None	Одесса = Odessa Грозный = Grozny
П (п)	P (p)	None	Петроград = Petrograd Ставрополь = Stavropol
Р (р)	R (r)	None	Родниковое = Rodnikovoye Высокогорск = Vysokogorsk
С (с)	S (s)	None	Ступино = Stupino Бирск = Birsk
Т (т)	T (t)	None	Тавричанка = Tavrichanka Ростов = Rostov
У (у)	U (u)	None	Улетайск = Uletaysk Шушенское = Shushenskoye
Ф (ф)	F (f)	None	Фёдоровка = Fyodorovka Корфу = Korfu
Ф (ф)	Ph (ph)	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Иосиф Сталин = Joseph Stalin
Х (х)	Kh (kh)	None	Хабаровск = Khabarovsk Оха = Okha
Ц (ц)	Ts (ts)	None	Царское = Tsarskoye Зарецкий = Zaretsky
Ч (ч)	Ch (ch)	None	Черемшаны = Cheremshany Зареченск = Zarechensk
Ч (ч)	Tch (tch)	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Чайковский = Tchaikovsky
Ш (ш)	Sh (sh)	None	Шадрин = Shadrin Моршанск = Morshansk
Щ (щ)	Shch (shch)	None	Щукино = Shchukino Рощинский = Roshchinsky
Щ (щ)	Sch (sch)	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Хрущёв = Khruschev
ъ (твёрдый знак)	Omitted	When followed by a vowel	Подъярский = Podyarsky
ъ (твёрдый знак)	"	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Insert an example
Ы (ы)	Y (y)	Except in an –ый ending (see below)	Ыттык-Кёль = Yttyk-Kyol Давыдов = Davydov
ь (мягкий знак)	Omitted	When followed by an iotated vowel; at the end of words; before a consonant.	Усолье = Usolye Выхухоль = Vykhukhol Дальнегорск = Dalnegorsk
	y	When followed by a non-iotated vowel	Ильинский = Ilyinsky
	'	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Русь = Rus'
Э (э)	E (e)	None	Элиста = Elista Тетраэдральный = Tetraedralny
Ю (ю)	Yu (yu)	None	Юрмала = Yurmala Козючинск = Kozyuchinsk
Я (я)	Ya (ya)	None	Ярославль = Yaroslavl Бурянск = Buryansk
Кс (кс)	x	In names like Alexander and Alexey (sometimes)	Александр = Alexander Алексей = Alexey
Кс (кс)	Ks (ks)	In all other cases	Ксинск = Ksinsk Моксинский = Moksinsky
–ый endings	y	None	Красный = Krasny
–ый endings	iy	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Insert an example
–ий endings	y	–iy is also acceptable	Синий = Siny (Siniy)
	iy	–y is also acceptable	Великий = Velikiy (Veliky)
	i	When it is a commonly accepted convention	Юрий = Yuri

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