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Princeton, New Jersey is the name of a town in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. It is divided into two legal municipalities, a township and a borough. The township completely surrounds the borough; they are referred together as "the two Princetons". The Borough seceded from the Township in 1894, in a dispute over school taxes; the two municipalities now form a Regional School District, and some other public services are conducted jointly. There have been three referenda proposing to reunite the two Princetons, but they have all been narrowly defeated. Before the formation of Mercer County in 1836, Nassau Street, the main street of Princeton, was the boundary between Middlesex and Somerset County, New Jersey. Princeton is located at latitude 40°21' North, longitude 74°40' West; there is a USGS survey marker on Nassau Hall. Princeton is home to Princeton University (originally the 'College of New Jersey); also the Westminster Choir College. The university campus lies mostly within Princeton Borough, but parts of it extend into Princeton Township and it has fields and a separate enclave in West Windsor Township. The university was chartered in 1746, and is one of two universities in New Jersey to be chartered before the American Revolution (Rutgers University is the other). Princeton is also home to Morven, the former home of Richard Stockton, a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence who was forced to flee his home during the Revolution. Morven is the current home of the New Jersey Historical Society and former Governor's mansion of the state; the current Governor's mansion is Drumthwacket, a mansion outside the center of town.
HistoryDuring the War for Independence, British and American armies crossed New Jersey several times. On January 3, 1777, the American forces led by George Washington scored an important victory over British forces led by Charles Cornwallis in the Battle of Princeton. In the summer of 1783, the Continental Congress met in Nassau Hall at Princeton University, making Princeton the country's capital for four months. It was there that the Continental Congress learned of the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1783) which ended the war. In 1840. Joseph Henry operated one of the first telegraphs here. In 1894, during his second term as President, Grover Cleveland bought a house in Princeton. He later died in Princeton. After his death, he was buried in the local cemetery. In 1912, a former professor at Princeton and Governor of New Jersey named Woodrow Wilson was elected President of the United States. He served two terms as President, wrote the Fourteen Points, and was President during World War I. In 1933, Albert Einstein arrived at Princeton, where he was affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study. Shortly after his arrival, in a private correspondence, Einstein described Princeton as "a quaint and ceremonious village of puny demigods on stilts." Over time, he came to appreciate the environment provided by the town and the Institute, and in many ways became more at home in Princeton than in any of his previous residences. He stayed until his death in 1955. Noteworthy PrincetoniansPrinceton has been the setting of several motion pictures, most notably the Academy Awardinning A Beautiful Mind about the schizophrenic mathematician John Nash. The 1994 film "I.Q.," featuring Meg Ryan, Tim Robbins, and Walter Matthau as Albert Einstein, was also set in Princeton. Other famous Princetonians include singer Paul Robeson, author John McPhee, the Menendez brothers, mathematician Andrew Wiles, as well as Aaron Burr, Aaron Burr, Sr., Grover Cleveland, Frances Cleveland, Ruth Cleveland, Jonathan Edwards (theology), George Gallup, Charles Hodge, James Madison, Elisabeth Witherspoon, Michael Showalter, and John Witherspoon. Trey Anastasio of the band Phish also lived in Princeton with his family before attending the Taft School and moving to Burlington, VT to attend the University of Vermont. Bands Blues Traveler and Spin Doctors are both from Princeton and were high school friends. Points of Interest
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