Hrosvit?

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Hrosvit, also known as Hroswitha and Hroswitha of Gandersheim, (c. 935; after 973) was a Monastic Christian poet from Saxony. She wrote in Latin, and is considered by some to be the first person since Antiquity to compose drama.

Since 1973 Bad Gandersheim has annually awarded the Roswitha Prize, named for Hrosvit, to female writers.

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Contents 1 Life 2 Works 3 Modern ions 4 Sources 5 External links

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Life

She was a nun at a Benedictine abbey in Gandersheim and was of a noble family. Her work shows familiarity with not only Church fathers, but also Classical poetry, including Virgil, Horace, Ovid, Plautus and Terence (on whom her verse form is modelled), and several of her plays draw on the so-called deuterocanonical gospels. Her works form part of the Ottonian Renaissance.

Works

The most important manuscript of her works, containing all the texts other than Primorida, is the Codex Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Clm 14485, a manuscript written by several hands in Gandersehim toward the end of the 10th or start of the 11th centuries. It was discovered by the Humanist Conrad Celtis in 1493/94 in the Cloister of St. Emmeram in Regensburg and formed the first ion (illustrated by Albrecht Dürer).

Her plays feature the chastity and perseverance of Christian women and contrast these to the Latin portrayal of women as weak and emotional. Her Passio Sancti Pelagii is derived, she says, from an eye witness to the martyrdom of Pelagus.

Hrosvit divided her work herself into three books. The Book of Legends contained eight legends— with Ausnahme von Gongolf—in dactylic hexameters:

• Ascensio
• Gongolf (Gangolf)
• Pelagius
• Theophilus (a Devil's pact-Legend)
• Basilius
• Dionysius
• Agnes
• Maria

The Book of Drama would present a Christian alternative to Terrence. These are the six plays, that are not so much Drama as "dialogues", and are a medieval example of closet drama:

• Gallicanus
• Dulcitius
• Calimachus
• Abraham
• Pafnutius
• Sapientia

The third book comprised two historical writings in Latin Hexameters: the Gesta Ottonis (a history of the Ottonian houses 919a href="965.html" title="965">965) and the Primordia coenobii Gandeshemensis (a history of her order from 846a href="919.html" title="919">919). Neither has survived, but further works may be discovered.

Modern ions

• Hrotsvithae opera, ed. Paul von Winterfeld, MGH SS rer. Germanicarum, 1902 online
• Hrotsvithae opera, ed. Karl Strecker, 1930
• Hrosvit: Opera Omnia, ed. Walter Berschin (Bibliotheca Scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana). Munich/Leipzig 2001 ISBN 3-598-71912-4

Sources

• Fidel Rädle, Hrotsvit von Gandersheim. In: Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters. Verfasserlexikon 4 (1983) pp 196-210
• R. Düchting, in: Lexikon des Mittelalters vol. 5, 148-149

External links

• Biography at The Prodigal Daughter Project
• http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/hro_intr.html Latin Entries in the Bibliotheca Augustana
• Faksimile bei Gallica: MGH Writings in folio v4
• Translation of Gesta Ottonis (in German)
• http://home.infionline.net/~ddisse/hrotsvit.html Very good site about "Other Women's Voices" with links (engl.)
• Article on Roswitha in the Allgemeinen Deutschen Biographie (ADB) v29, pp 283-294
• http://www.storiamedievale.net/personaggi/rosvita.htm Article (in Italian) with pictures.

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