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Map of Germany showing Erlangen |
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| Statistics | |
| State: | Bavaria |
| Regierungsbezirk: | Mittelfranken |
| District: | Independent city |
| Area: | 76.84 km² |
| Population: | 102,612(12/31/2002) |
| Population density: | 1,330/km² |
| Elevation: | 290 m |
| Postal code: | 91001-91058 (old: 8520) |
| Area/distance code: | 091-31 |
| Location: | 49°36′ N 11°1′ E |
| Municipal code: | 09562000 |
| Car designation: | ER |
| Arrangement of the city: | 20 districts |
| Address of the city administration: | 1 Rathausplatz Erlangen 91052 |
| Website: | www.erlangen.de |
| Politics | |
| Mayor: | Dr. Siegfried Balleis |
Erlangen around 1915Erlangen is a German city in Middle Franconia. It is located at the estuary of the Untere Schwabach into the Regnitz. Erlangen has more than 100,000 inhabitants.
Erlangen is today dominated by its university and the numerous branch offices of the Siemens AG, as well as a large Institute of the Fraunhofer Society. An event still influencing the city is the settlement of Huguenots after the withdrawal of the Edict of Nantes in 1685.
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History
Erlangen is first mentioned officially in 1002 under the name of "villa erlangon". In 1361, the village is sold to Emperor Karl IV. Three years later, a city is built close to the village, which in 1374 gets its own coining station. In 1398, the municipal rights are confirmed. In 1402, the city is vested to the Hohenzollern as part of the principiality of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (from 1603 on Bayreuth), staying under their rule until 1806. Erlangen is the capital of the so-called "Low County" (Unterland) of the principiality, encompassing the area until Neustadt an der Aisch and separated from the "High County" (Oberland) by a land corridor. After a four-year French occupation, it finally becomes part of the Kingdom of Bavaria, together with the Bayreuth prinicipiality.
While being part of the Bayreuth county, the first French Huguenot refugees arrive in Erlangen in 1686. The Bayreuth count Christian Ernst builds a "new town" (Neustadt) for them. In 1706, the old town (just below where every year the Bergkirchweih takes place) is almost completely destroyed by a fire, but soon rebuilt. In 1812, old and new city are finally merged into a single town.
In 1742, the count Friedrich of Bayreuth founded a university for the residency town Bayreuth, but due to the rebelliousness of the local students, the university is transferred to Erlangen. Only later did it obtain the name of "Friedrich-Alexander-University" and become a Prussian state university. Famous students of these times were Johann Ludwig Tieck and Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder.
Already during the Bavarian municipal reform of 1818, the city is endowed with an own administration. In 1862, the canton administration Erlangen is founded, from which later on arises the administrative district Erlangen. In 1972, this district is merged with the administrative district Höchstadt. Erlangen becomes the capital of this newly founded district Erlangen-Höchstadt. During this municipal reform, Erlangen is effectively enlarged considerably, so that in 1974, it exceeds 100,000 inhabitants.
University
The University of Erlangen (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, 1) had been founded in 1742 by margrave Friedrich of Brandenburg-Bayreuth in the residence Bayreuth, but was relocated to Erlangen the next year. Today, it features 11 departments (German "Fakultäten"), 2 of which (economics and education) are located in Nuremberg. About 24,000 students study at this university, of which about 20,000 in Erlangen.
Bergkirchweih
The Bergkirchweih is an annual beer festival similar to the Oktoberfest in Munich, but smaller in scope. It takes place during twelve days before and after Pentecost and draws more than one million visitors each year.
American soldiers from the former Ferris Barracks in Erlangen called it the "Strawberry Fest".
Districts
- Am Anger
- Alterlangen
- Bruck, pop. 20,000
- Büchenbach
- Burgberg
- Dechsendorf
- Eltersdorf, pop. around 3,200
- Frauenaurach
- Häusling
- Hüttendorf
- Innenstadt
- Kosbach
- Kriegenbrunn
- Neuses
- Röthelheim
- Schallershof
- Siedlung Sonnenblick
- Sieglitzhof/Buckenhofer Siedlung
- Steudach
- Tennenlohe 2
Historical population
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1495 | 292 |
| 1630 | 550 |
| 1752 | 7,939 |
| 1830 | 9,800 |
| December 1, 1871¹ | 12,500 |
| December 1, 1890¹ | 17,559 |
| December 1, 1900¹ | 22,953 |
| December 1, 1910¹ | 24,877 |
| June 16, 1925¹ | 29,597 |
| June 16, 1933¹ | 32,348 |
| May 17, 1939¹ | 35,964 |
| September 13, 1950¹ | 50,690 |
| June 16, 1961¹ | 69,552 |
| May 27, 1970¹ | 84,110 |
| June 20, 1975 | 100,700 |
| June 30, 1980 | 100,900 |
| June 30, 1985 | 100,000 |
| May 27, 1987¹ | 99,808 |
| June 30, 1997 | 100,700 |
| December 31, 1997 | 100,330 |
| December 31, 1998 | 100,775 |
| December 31, 1999 | 100,750 |
| December 31, 2000 | 100,778 |
| December 31, 2001 | 101,912 |
| December 31, 2002 | 102,198 |
Historical mayors of Erlangen
- 1818 - 1827: Johann Sigmund Lindner
- 1828 - 1855: Johann Wolfgang Ferdinand Lammers
- 1855 - 1865: Carl Wolfgang Knoch
- 1866 - 1872: Heinrich August Papellier
- 1872 - 1877: Johann Edmund Reichold
- 1878 - 1880: Friedrich Scharf
- 1881 - 1892: Georg Ritter von Schuh
- 1892 - 1929: Theodor Klippel
- 1929 - 1934: Hans Flierl
- 1934 - 1944: Alfred Groß
- 1944 - 1945: Herbert Ohly
- 1945 - 1946: Anton Hammerbacher (SPD)
- 1946 - 1959: Michael Poeschke (SPD)
- 1959 - 1972: Heinrich Lades (CSU)
- 1972 - 1996: Dietmar Hahlweg (SPD)
- 1996 - : Siegfried Balleis (CSU)
International Relations
Twin Cities
Erlangen has twinned itself with:
- Eskilstuna in Sweden in 1961,
- Rennes in France in 1964,
- Vladimir in Russia in 1983,
- Jena in Thuringia, Germany, in 1987,
- Stoke-on-Trent in England in 1989,
- San Carlos in Nicaragua in 1989.
- Besiktas (district of Istanbul, Turkey) in 2004
Further partnerships
External links
- www.erlangen.de
- www.erlangeninfo.de Erlangen City Guide
- University of Erlangen
- Fraunhofer Institut für Integrierte Schaltungen (Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits) mp3 was developed here
- Der-Berg-Ruft.De Homepage of the Bergkirchweih (German only)
