Ecology (disciplines) Did You Mean Ecology?

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Ecology is a broad biological science and can thus be divided into many sub-disciplines using various criteria. For example, one such categorization, based on overall complexity (from the least complex to the most), is:

Behavioral ecology, which studies the ecological and evolutionary basis for animal behavior, focusing largely at the level of the individual;
Population ecology (or autecology), which deals with the dynamics of populations within species, and the interactions of these populations with environmental factors;
Community ecology (or synecology) which studies the interactions between species within an ecological community;
Ecosystem ecology, which studies how flows of energy and matter interact with biotic elements of ecosystems;

Ecology can also be classified on the basis of:

the primary kinds of organism under study, e.g. animal ecology, plant ecology, insect ecology;

the biomes principally studied, e.g. forest ecology, grassland ecology, desert ecology, benthic ecology;

the geographic or climatic area, e.g. arctic ecology, tropical ecology

the spatial scale under consideration, e.g. molecular ecology, macroecology, landscape ecology;

Specialized branches of ecology include, among others:

applied ecology, the practice of employing ecological principles and understanding to solve real world problems (includes agroecology and conservation biology);
biogeography, the study of the geographic distributions of species ;
chemical ecology, which deals with the ecological role of biological chemicals used in a wide range of areas including defense against predators and attraction of mates;
conservation ecology, which studies how to reduce the risk of species extinction;
ecological succession, which focuses on understanding directed vegetation change;
ecophysiology which studies the interaction of physiological traits with the abiotic environment;
ecotoxicology, which looks at the ecological role of toxic chemicals (often pollutants, but also naturally occurring compounds);
evolutionary ecology or ecoevolution which looks at evolutionary changes in the context of the populations and communities in which the organisms exist;
fire ecology, which looks at the role of fire in the environment of plants and animals and its effect on ecological communities;
functional ecology, the study of the roles, or functions, that certain species (or groups thereof) play in an ecosystem;
global ecology, which examines ecological phenomena at the largest possible scale, addressing macroecological questions;
landscape ecology, which studies the interactions between discrete elements of a landscape;
macroecology, the study of large scale phenomena;
marine ecology, and aquatic ecology, where the dominant environmental milieu is water;
microbial ecology, the ecology of micro-organisms;
microecology, the study of small scale phenomena;
paleoecology, which seeks to understand the relationships between species in fossil assemblages;
restoration ecology, which attempts to understand the ecological basis needed to restore impaired or damaged ecosystems;
theoretical ecology, the development of ecological theory, usually with mathematical, statistical and/or computer modeling tools;
urban ecology, the study of ecosystems in urban areas.

Ecology also plays important roles in many inter-disciplinary fields:

ecological design and ecological engineering.
ecological economics.
human ecology and ecological anthropology.
social ecology, ecological health and environmental psychology.

Finally, ecology has also inspired (and lent its name to) other non-biological disciplines such as

industrial ecology.
software ecology and information ecology.

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