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This article is about the D-pad feature on game controllers; for other meanings, see D-pad (other meanings).
A D-pad is the directional pad found on nearly all modern video game console gamepads and game controllers. Like early video game joysticks, the vast majority of D-pads are digital: they allow input of exactly 8 directions (the points of the compass), with no intermediate values. Although they provide less nuance than analog controls, they can easily be manipulated with very high accuracy using only a single thumb. A precursor to the standard D-pad was used by the Intellivision console, released by Mattel Electronics in 1980. The Intellivision's unique controller featured the first alternative to a joystick on a home console, a circular pad that allowed for 16 directions of movement by pressing with your thumb. In 1981, the first true cross type directional button (Dpad) layout was invented, featured on Entix's short lived "Select a game" cartridge based handheld system. It featured non-connected left, right, up and down buttons aligned to the left of a row of action buttons. This nonconnected pad style is still used (although altered) on the Playstation and Playstation 2 to this day. Nintendo's Gumpei Yokoi updated this idea in 1982, altering the cross shaped button layout into the familiar modern design with their Donkey Kong handheld game. His particular design was patented. Initially intended to be a compact controller for the Game & Watch handheld games, it was realized that they would also be appropriate for regular consoles, and Nintendo made the D-pad the standard directional control for the hugely successful Famicom (NES in the rest of the world). Subsequent to this all major video game consoles have had a D-pad. Arcade games, however, have largely continued using joysticks. A recent trend in modern consoles, beginning with the Nintendo 64, has been to provide both a D-pad and a compact analog stick; depending on the game, one type of control may be more appropriate than the other. Recent console generations (such as the PlayStation 2) have included an analog D-pad instead of a digital one. Consoles with D-pad
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