Aragon? |
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Image:Locator map of Aragon.png |
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| Capital | Zaragoza | ||
| Area – Total – % of Spain |
Ranked 4th 47 719 km² 9,4% |
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| Population – Total (2003) – % of Spain – Density |
Ranked 11th 1 217 514 2,9% 25,51/km² |
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| Demonym – English – Spanish |
Aragonese aragonés |
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| Statute of Autonomy | August 16, 1982 | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | AR | ||
| Parliamentary representation – Congress seats – Senate seats |
13 |
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| President | Marcelino Iglesias Ricou (PSOE) | ||
| Gobierno de Aragón | |||
- This article is about the geographical region. For the poet, see Louis Aragon. For the Olympic medallist, see Aragon (horse). For the commune in the Aude département of France, see Aragon, Aude.
Aragon (Spanish and Aragonese: Aragón; Catalan: Aragó) is an autonomous community of north-eastern Spain. It has an area of 47,719 km² with a population of 1,217,514 (2003).
Aragon is bounded on the north by France, on the east by Catalonia, on the south by Valencia, and on the west by Castile-La Mancha, Castile-Leon, La Rioja, and Navarre (Spanish: Navarra). It comprises the provinces of Zaragoza (English: Saragossa or Caesaraugusta), Huesca, and Teruel. It is traversed by the Ebro, mountainous in the north; with beautiful fertile valleys, rather barren, in the south.
Its capital is Zaragoza.
In addition to its three provinces, Aragon is subdivided into 33 comarcas (counties).
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Language
In addition to Spanish, there is an original Aragonese language, still spoken in some valleys of the Pyrenees.
Catalan is spoken as well in some comarques (counties) adjacent to Catalonia; in particular: the Ribagorzan dialect in Ribagorza (capital Benabarre) and Litera (capital Binefar), and a dialect similar to that of Terra Alta in Matarraña (capital Valderrobres) and Bajo Cinca (capital Fraga).
History
Aragón was a Frankish feudal county (Jaca) before becoming a self-proclaimed kingdom, which was united with the kingdom of Pamplona (later Navarre) in 925. The kingdom of Pamplona included the counties of Aragon, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza, and the duchy of Castilla. After king Sancho´s death, the kingdom was divided between his sons. Ramiro I was initially named king of Aragon; later, after his brother Gionzalo´s death, also of Sobrarbe and Ribagorza. The new kingdom grew quickly, and incorporated Navarra. This kingdom conquered the city of Zaragoza in 1118. Split from the kingdom of Navarre, the kingdom of Aragón was re-established in 1035 and lasted until 1707. Aragón was also the name of the crown, because of the dynastic union of a Count of Barcelona (Ramon Berenguer IV) with a Queen of Aragón (Petronila of Aragon), their son inheriting all their respective territories. This Crown was effectively disbanded after the dynastic union with Castile (see below). The Kings of Aragón (called by some present-day historians, to not inadvertently ignore the role of Catalonia in the crown, "Catalan Kings of Aragón", "Catalan Kings", "Count-Kings", or "Counts of Barcelona and Kings of Aragón") ruled territories that consisted of not only the present administrative region of Aragón but also Catalonia, and later the Balearic Islands, Valencia, Sicily, Naples and Sardinia (see Aragonese Empire).
The King of Aragón was the direct King of the Aragonese region, and held also the title of King of Valencia, King of Mallorca (for a time), Count of Barcelona, Lord of Montpellier, and, only temporarily, Duke of Athens and Neopatria. Each of these titles gave him sovereignty over a certain region, and these titles changed as he lost and won territories.
The real centre of this kingdom was Barcelona, since it had a seaport and was near the geographical centre of the Crown of Aragon, while Valencia was the most important seaport for trade until approximately the 18th century. Present-day historians usually call the Crown the Crown of Aragón, the "Catalan-Aragonese Confederation" or simply "Catalonia-Aragón", typically depending upon whether that historian lives in Aragón or in Catalonia. The Kingdom of Aragón is called simply Kingdom of Aragón. Saying just "Aragón" is ambiguous and should be avoided. Barcelona was the center of what was in many ways a Merranean Empire, ruling the Merranean Sea and setting rules for the entire sea (for instance, in the Llibre del Consolat del Mar, in Catalan).
List of Chancellors
- Alfons de la Cavalleria 1494a href="1508.html" title="1508">1508
- Tomás de Malferit 1508
- Antoni Agustí de Sicart 1508a href="1523.html" title="1523">1523
- Frederic Honorat de Gualbes de Vallseca (for the Principality of Catalonia) 1523a href="1529.html" title="1529">1529
- Jeronimo de Rage (for Aragón Kingdom) 1523a href="1529.html" title="1529">1529
- Eiximèn Perez de Figuerola (for Valencia Kingdom) 1523a href="1529.html" title="1529">1529
- Joan Sunyer 1529a href="1533.html" title="1533">1533
- Miquel Mai 1533a href="1546.html" title="1546">1546
- Jeroni Descoll de Oliva 1546a href="1554.html" title="1554">1554
- Pere de Clariana de Seva 1554a href="1562.html" title="1562">1562
- Bernardo de Bolea y Portugal 1562a href="1585.html" title="1585">1585
- Simó Friigola 1585a href="1598.html" title="1598">1598
- Dídac Civarrubias Sanç 1598a href="1607.html" title="1607">1607
- Diego Clavera 1608a href="1612.html" title="1612">1612
- Andreu Roig 1612a href="1622.html" title="1622">1622
- President Garci Peréz de Araciel 1623a href="1624.html" title="1624">1624
- President Juan Manuel de Mendoza Luna Manrique, marquis of Montesclaros 1628
- President Enrique Pimentel, bishop of Cuenca 1628a href="1632.html" title="1632">1632
- President Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, duke of Alburquerque 1632a href="1637.html" title="1637">1637
- President Gaspar de Borja y de Velasco 1637a href="1645.html" title="1645">1645
- Maties Bayetola Cabanilles 1646a href="1652.html" title="1652">1652
- Cristòfor Crespí de Vallclaura Brizuela 1652a href="1671.html" title="1671">1671
- Melcior de Navarra Rocafull 1671a href="1677.html" title="1677">1677
- President Pasqual d'Aragó Folc de Cardona 1677
- President Pere Antoni d'Aragó Folc de Cardona i Córdoba 1677a href="1690.html" title="1690">1690
- Melcior de Navarra Rocafull 1690a href="1691.html" title="1691">1691 (second time)
- President Gaspar Téllez Girón y Sandoval, duke of Osuna 1692a href="1694.html" title="1694">1694
- President Ferran de Montcada-Aragó i de Montcada 1695a href="1698.html" title="1698">1698
- President Rodrigo Manuel Manrique de Lara y de Tabora 1698a href="1702.html" title="1702">1702
- President Iñigo de la Cruz Manrique de Lara y Ramiréz de Arellano, count of Aguilar and Frigiliana 1702a href="1707.html" title="1707">1707
See list of Kings of Aragón.
See list of Lieutenants of the Kingdom of Aragón
The dynastic union of Castile and Aragon in 1479, when Ferdinand II of Aragon wed Isabella I of Castile, led to the formal creation of Spain as a single entity in 1516. See List of Spanish monarchs and Kings of Spain family tree.
See also
External links
- Government of Aragon (in Spanish)
- Aragon GuideInformation for hikers, mountain bikers, skiers and visitors. Details of accommodation, routes and travel tips.
- Basic statistical data on Aragon (in Spanish)
- http://www.charrando.com/ Page about the Aragonese Language
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