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What is the meaning of 1905?
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1905 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar).
Events
January-April
January 2 - Russo-Japanese War : The Russian Army surrenders at Port Arthur , China ; an event which shocked the world.
January 22 - Massacre of Russian demonstrators at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg , one of the triggers of the abortive Russian Revolution of 1905 .
January 26 - The Cullinan Diamond is found near Pretoria , South Africa at the Premier Mine.
February 10 - Bomb kills grand duke Sergei in Moscow
February 18 - Tsar orders A. G. Bulygin, the new minister of internal affairs, to make a plan for representative assembly
February 23 - Foundation of Rotary International
February 24 - Workmen from the Italian side of the Simplon Tunnel under the Swiss Alps break through the Swiss side
March 1 - Australian Conservative leader Richard Butler takes office as Premier of South Australia
March 3 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected assembly (the Duma ).
March 5 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden , Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in 3 days.
March 10 Japanese capture of Mukden (now Shenyang ) completes rout of Russian armies in Manchuria .
March 10 - Cassie Chadwick sentenced for 14 years in Cleveland for fraud
March 17 - Albert Einstein publishes his paper "On a heuristic viewpoint concerning the production and transformation of light" in which he explains the photoelectric effect using the notion of light quanta
March 31 - During his visit in Morocco , German emperor William II asserts German equality with France in Morocco , triggering the Tangier (or First Moroccan ) Crisis.
April 2 - The Simplon Tunnel dedicated
April 4 - In India , an earthquake near Kangra , kills 20,000.
April - Albert Einstein works on the special theory of relativity as well as the theory of Brownian motion
May-October
May 8 - In Russia , Union of Unions, an umbrella group for newly-formed Russian trade and professional organizations, is found with Paul Milyakov as its leader
May 11 - Albert Einstein submits his doctoral dissertation "On the Motion of Small Particlesw/." where he explains the Brownian motion
May 13 - Mata Hari debuts in Paris
May 15 - Las Vegas, Nevada is founded when 110 acres (0.4 km²), in what later would become downtown, are auctioned off.
May 27 a href="May_28.html" title="May 28">28 - Russo-Japanese War : Battle of Tsushima - The Japanese fleet under Admiral Heihachiro Togo destroys Russian fleet under Admiral Zinovi Petrovich Rozhdestvenski in this two day battle
June 7 - The Norwegian Parliament declares the union with Sweden dissolved , thus Norway achieves its indepence.
June 14 a href="June_15.html" title="June 15">15 - Mutiny in the Russian ironclad Potemkin
June 15 - Princess Margaret of Connaught marries Gustav, Crown Prince of Sweden .
June 30 - Albert Einstein publishes the article "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" where he discovers special relativity .
July 6 - Alfred Deakin becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the second time.
August 13 - Norway holds referendum in favour of dissolving the union with Sweden .
August 20 - Lord Curzon resigns as viceroy of India
September 1 - The Canadian province of Alberta is established from the southwestern part of the Northwest Territories .
September 4 - The Canadian province of Saskatchewan is established.
September 5 - Russo-Japanese War : Treaty of Portsmouth signed - In New Hampshire a treaty mediated by US President Theodore Roosevelt , is signed by victor Japan and defeated party Russia . In the agreement, Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin and port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan.
September 20 - Printer's strike in Moscow
October 3 - HMS Dreadnought is laid down, revolutionizing battleship design and triggering a naval arms race.
October 13 - St. Petersburg Soviet of worker's deputies formed
October 17 - Russian chief minister Sergei Witte announces October Manifesto , plan for representative assembly, increased voting rights and freedom of speech, religion and association
October 18 - Naval students demonstrate in St Petersburg
October 26 - Sweden agrees to the repeal of the union with Norway . King Oscar abdicates.
October 30 - Tsar Nicholas II is forced to grant Russia 's first constitution, conceding a national assembly (Duma ) with limited powers.
October 31 - Local peasants in Volokolamsk declare the Markovo Republic (Russian troops overrun it July 18 , 1906 )
70 Onion Johnnies die when the steamer Hilda sinks off France .
November-December
Unknown dates
Births
January-April
January 2 - Michael Tippett , English composer (d. 1998 )
January 3 - Anna May Wong , American actress (d. 1961 )
January 12 - Tex Ritter , American actor and singer (d. 1974 )
January 18 - Joseph Bonanno , American gangster (d. 2002 )
January 21 - Christian Dior , French couturier (d. 1957 )
January 26 - Charles Lane , American actor
January 26 - Maria von Trapp , Austrian singer (d. 1987 )
January 29 - Barnett Newman , American painter (d. 1970 )
January 31 - John O'Hara , American writer (d. 1970 )
February 1 - Emilio G. Segrè , Italian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989 )
February 2 - Ayn Rand , American author (d. 1982 )
February 7 - Paul Nizan , French author (d. 1940 )
February 14 - Thelma Ritter , American actress (d. 1969 )
February 15 - Harold Arlen , American composer (d. 1986 )
February 23 - Derrick Henry Lehmer , American mathematician (d. 1991 )
February 27 - Franchot Tone , American actor (d. 1968 )
March 6 - Bob Wills , American singer (d. 1975 )
March 15 - Berthold Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg , German lawyer and Nazi opponent (d. 1944 )
March 16 - Elisabeth Flickenschildt , German actress (d. 1977 )
March 18 - Thomas Townsend Brown , American scientist (d. 1985 )
March 18 - Robert Donat , English actor (d. 1958 )
March 18 - Benny Friedman , American football player (d. 1982 )
March 19 - Albert Speer , Nazi official (d. 1981 )
March 23 - Lale Andersen , German singer (d. 1972 )
March 23 - Joan Crawford , American actress (d. 1977 )
March 27 - Elsie MacGill , Canadian aeronautical engineer (d. 1980 )
April 21 - Edmund G. Brown , Governor of California (d. 1996 )
May-August
May 3 - Sebastian Shaw , English actor (d. 1994 )
May 8 - Red Nichols , American jazz musician (d. 1965 )
May 15 - Joseph Cotten , American actor (d. 1994 )
May 16 - Henry Fonda , American actor (d. 1982 )
May 24 - Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov , Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984 )
June 12 - Ray Barbuti , American athlete (d. 1975 )
June 21 - Jean-Paul Sartre , French philosopher and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (declined) (d. 1980 )
July 4 - Irving Johnson , American sail training pioneer (d. 1991 )
July 5 - Jock Cameron , South African cricketer (d. 1935 )
July 12 - Edward Bernds , American director (d. 2000 )
July 12 - Prince John of the United Kingdom (d. 1919 )
July 15 - Dorothy Fields , American songwriter (d. 1988 )
July 22 - Doc Cramer , baseball player (d. 1990 )
July 25 - Elias Canetti , Bulgarian-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994 )
July 29 - Dag Hammarskjöld , Swedish United Nations Secretary-General , recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1961 )
August 2 - Karl Amadeus Hartmann , German composer (d. 1963 )
August 3 - Franz König , Austrian Catholic archbishop (d. 2004 )
August 8 - André Jolivet , French composer (d. 1974 )
August 11 - Erwin Chargaff , Austrian biochemist (d. 2002 )
August 16 - Marian Rejewski , Polish mathematician and cryptologist (d. 1980 )
August 20 - Jean Gebser , German-born writer (d. 1973 )
August 21 - Friz Freleng , American animator (d. 1995 )
August 23 - Constant Lambert , British composer (d. 1951 )
August 29 - Dhyan Chand , Indian hockey player (d. 1979 )
August 31 - Dore Schary , American screenwriter, director, and producer (d. 1980 )
September-December
September 1 - Elvera Sanchez , Puerto Rican dancer (d. 2000 )
September 3 - Carl David Anderson , American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991 )
September 16 - Vladimír Holan , Czech poet (d. 1980 )
September 18 - Eddie Anderson , American actor (d. 1977 )
September 18 - Greta Garbo , Swedish actress (d. 1990 )
September 22 - Eugen Sänger , Austrian aerospace engineer (d. 1964 )
September 24 - Severo Ochoa , Spanish–born biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993 )
September 30 - Savitri Devi , Greek writer and National Socialist philosopher (d. 1982 )
September 30 - Nevill Francis Mott , English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996 )
September 30 - Michael Powell , British director (d. 1990 )
October 5 - Helen Wills Moody , American tennis player (d. 1998 )
October 23 - Felix Bloch , Swiss-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1983 )
November 7 - William Alwyn , English composer (d. 1985 )
November 9 - Erika Mann , oldest daughter of Thomas Mann (d. 1969 )
November 15 - Mantovani , Italian-born conductor and arranger (d. 1980 )
November 17 - Queen Astrid of Belgium (d. 1935 )
November 26 - Bob Johnson , baseball player (d. 1982 )
December 11 - Gilbert Rowland , Mexican-born actor (d. 1994 )
December 24 - Howard Hughes , American filmmaker, industrialist, aircraft designer, and airline founder (d. 1976 )
December 27 - Leonard Goldenson , American television executive (d. 1999 )
December 30 - Jule Styne , English-born composer (d. 1994 )
Unknown dates
Deaths
January 14 - Ernst Abbe , German physicist (b. 1840 )
January 19 - Debendranath Tagore , Indian philosopher (b. 1817 )
February 4 - Louis-Ernest Barrias , French sculptor (b. 1841 )
March 6 - John Henninger Reagan , American Confederate politician (b. 1818 )
March 24 - Jules Verne , French author (b. 1828 )
June 22 - Francis Lubbock , Governor of Texas (b. 1815 )
July 8 - Walter Kittredge , American musician and composer (b. 1834 )
August 14 - Simeon Solomon , British artist (b. 1840 )
September 18 - George MacDonald , Scottish writer (b. 1824 )
October 13 - Henry Irving , English actor (b. 1838 )
October 29 - Étienne Desmarteau , Canadian athlete (b. 1873 )
Muhammad Abduh , Egyptian philosopher and jurist (b. 1849 )
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