100 metres?

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For other uses of 100 metres, see 1 E2 m.

100 m is the classic sprints race distance. The reigning 100 m world record holder is often named "the fastest man/woman in the world", and the 100 m Olympic title is usually considered among the most prestigious. A distance of 100 yards (91 m) was often run in the past, but this is now obsolete. Indoors, events are normally held over 60 m (sometimes 50 m or 55 m) as few facilities have a 100 m indoor straight.

On an outdoor 400 m running track, the 100 m is run on the home straight. Many 60 m prodigies lose to seasoned 100 m runners, as training needs to be done in order to maintain form and power through this race. Beginners can actually become winded after running this distance. Top sprinters do significant amounts of training with weights and boxers punch-ball, as upper body strength is needed to maintain balance. Illegal drug use has been seen by some as a means to gain a competitive edge; in particular, the scandal involving Ben Johnson has tarnished the event.

Have to see

Contents 1 Record performances 2 Start 3 Famous 100 metre runners 3.1 Top ten all-time athletes — men 3.2 Top ten all-time athletes — women 4 See also

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Record performances

Major 100 m races, such as at the Olympic Games, attract much attention, particularly when the world record is thought to be within reach. The record has only been broken a handful of times since the introduction of electronic timing in 1968, and never by more than 0.05 seconds at a time. The current world record holder is Asafa Powell of Jamaica, who ran a time of 9.77 seconds in Athens on June 14, 2005. The reigning Olympic champion is Justin Gatlin of the United States.

Start

The start play psychological games such as trying to be last to the starting blocks, although direct intimidation would be considered unsporting. The starter will keep the sprinters in the set position for an unpredictable time of around 2 seconds and then fire the starting gun.

The time between the gun and first kick against the starting block is measured electronically, via sensors built in the gun and the blocks. Anything less than 0.1s reaction time is deemed to imply that the start was anticipated. The 0.1 second interval accounts for the sum of the time it takes for the sound of the starter's pistol to propagate through the air and reach the runners' ears, and the time it takes for a human to process the auditory stimulus and react to it. This has been measured to be 0.12 second or longer, but an extra 0.02 second is subtracted just to be on the safe side. Still, it has been questioned by some fast starters.

For many years a sprinter was only disqualified if they were responsible for two false starts. However this rule led to some sprinters deliberately false starting once for psychological advantage, and some major races being restarted so many times that the sprinters started to lose focus. The new rule is that after one false start, anyone responsible for a false start is disqualified immediately.

Famous 100 metre runners

• Donovan Bailey
• Leroy Burrell
• Linford Christie
• Maurice Greene
• Jim Hines
• Ben Johnson
• Carl Lewis

• Jesse Owens
• Allan Wells
• Asafa Powell

Top ten all-time athletes — men

Updated by July 27, 2005

Rank	Time	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place
1.	9.77	Asafa Powell	JAM	14 June 2005	Athens
2.	9.78	Tim Montgomery	USA	14 September 2002	Paris
3.	9.79	Maurice Greene	USA	16 June 1999	Athens
4.	9.84	Donovan Bailey	CAN	27 July 1996	Atlanta
4.	9.84	Bruny Surin	CAN	22 August 1999	Seville
6.	9.85	Leroy Burrell	USA	6 July 1994	Lausanne
6.	9.85	Justin Gatlin	USA	22 August 2004	Athens
8.	9.86	Carl Lewis	USA	25 August 1991	Tokyo
8.	9.86	Frank Fredericks	NAM	3 July 1996	Lausanne
8.	9.86	Ato Boldon	TRI	19 April 1998	Walnut

• Ben Johnson's times of 9.79 from Seoul 24 September 1988 and 9.83 from Rome 30 August 1987 were disallowed following disqualification for banned drug use in 1988.

Top ten all-time athletes — women

Updated by July 27, 2005

Rank	Time	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place
1.	10.49	Florence Griffith Joyner	USA	16 July 1988	Indianapolis
2.	10.65	Marion Jones	USA	12 September 1998	Johannesburg
3.	10.73	Christine Arron	FRA	19 August 1998	Budapest
4.	10.74	Merlene Ottey	JAM	7 September 1996	Milan
5.	10.76	Evelyn Ashford	USA	22 August 1984	Zürich
6.	10.77	Irina Privalova	RUS	6 July 1994	Lausanne
6.	10.77	Ivet Lalova	BUL	19 June 2004	Plovdiv
8.	10.78	Dawn Sowell	USA	3 June 1989	Provo
9.	10.79	Xuemei Li	CHN	18 October 1997	Shanghai
9.	10.79	Inger Miller	USA	22 August 1999	Seville

See also

• World Record progression 100 m men
• World Record progression 100 m women

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